Acid and Base pH Calculator

Formula

To calculate the pH:

\[ \text{pH} = -\log_{10}[\text{H}^+] \]

Where:

\(\text{pH}\) is the measure of acidity or basicity
\([\text{H}^+]\) is the hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L

What is pH?

pH is a scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. It is approximately the negative of the base 10 logarithm of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic, while those with a pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, which is the pH of pure water at 25°C.

Example Calculation 1

Let's assume the following value:

Hydrogen Ion Concentration (\([\text{H}^+]\)) = 1.0 × 10^-3 mol/L

Using the formula:

\[ \text{pH} = -\log_{10}(1.0 \times 10^{-3}) = 3 \]

The pH is 3.

Example Calculation 2

Let's assume the following value:

Hydrogen Ion Concentration (\([\text{H}^+]\)) = 1.0 × 10^-7 mol/L

Using the formula:

\[ \text{pH} = -\log_{10}(1.0 \times 10^{-7}) = 7 \]

The pH is 7.