The formula to calculate Potential Gradient (\(x\)) is:
\[ x = \frac{\Delta V - V_B}{L} \]
Where:
Potential Gradient is the rate of change of electric potential with respect to distance, measured in volts per unit length, in a direction perpendicular to equipotential surfaces.
Electric Potential Difference is the voltage across two points in a circuit, measured in volts, and is the driving force behind electric current flow.
Electric Potential Diff through other Terminal is the voltage difference between the terminal of a battery and another terminal in an electric circuit.
Length is the distance between two points in a circuit, measured in meters, and is a fundamental parameter in electric current calculations.
Let's assume the following values:
Using the formula:
\[ x = \frac{\Delta V - V_B}{L} \]
Evaluating:
\[ x = \frac{18 - (-13.5)}{1.5} \]
The Potential Gradient is 21 V/m.
| Electric Potential Difference (ΔV) | Electric Potential Diff through other Terminal (VB) | Length (L) | Potential Gradient (x) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | -10 | 1 | 20.000000000000000 |
| 10 | -10 | 2 | 10.000000000000000 |
| 10 | -10 | 3 | 6.666666666666667 |
| 10 | -10 | 4 | 5.000000000000000 |
| 10 | -10 | 5 | 4.000000000000000 |
| 10 | -5 | 1 | 15.000000000000000 |
| 10 | -5 | 2 | 7.500000000000000 |
| 10 | -5 | 3 | 5.000000000000000 |
| 10 | -5 | 4 | 3.750000000000000 |
| 10 | -5 | 5 | 3.000000000000000 |
| 10 | 0 | 1 | 10.000000000000000 |
| 10 | 0 | 2 | 5.000000000000000 |
| 10 | 0 | 3 | 3.333333333333333 |
| 10 | 0 | 4 | 2.500000000000000 |
| 10 | 0 | 5 | 2.000000000000000 |
| 10 | 5 | 1 | 5.000000000000000 |
| 10 | 5 | 2 | 2.500000000000000 |
| 10 | 5 | 3 | 1.666666666666667 |
| 10 | 5 | 4 | 1.250000000000000 |
| 10 | 5 | 5 | 1.000000000000000 |
| 10 | 10 | 1 | 0.000000000000000 |
| 10 | 10 | 2 | 0.000000000000000 |
| 10 | 10 | 3 | 0.000000000000000 |
| 10 | 10 | 4 | 0.000000000000000 |
| 10 | 10 | 5 | 0.000000000000000 |
| 12 | -10 | 1 | 22.000000000000000 |
| 12 | -10 | 2 | 11.000000000000000 |
| 12 | -10 | 3 | 7.333333333333333 |
| 12 | -10 | 4 | 5.500000000000000 |
| 12 | -10 | 5 | 4.400000000000000 |
| 12 | -5 | 1 | 17.000000000000000 |
| 12 | -5 | 2 | 8.500000000000000 |
| 12 | -5 | 3 | 5.666666666666667 |
| 12 | -5 | 4 | 4.250000000000000 |
| 12 | -5 | 5 | 3.400000000000000 |
| 12 | 0 | 1 | 12.000000000000000 |
| 12 | 0 | 2 | 6.000000000000000 |
| 12 | 0 | 3 | 4.000000000000000 |
| 12 | 0 | 4 | 3.000000000000000 |
| 12 | 0 | 5 | 2.400000000000000 |
| 12 | 5 | 1 | 7.000000000000000 |
| 12 | 5 | 2 | 3.500000000000000 |
| 12 | 5 | 3 | 2.333333333333333 |
| 12 | 5 | 4 | 1.750000000000000 |
| 12 | 5 | 5 | 1.400000000000000 |
| 12 | 10 | 1 | 2.000000000000000 |
| 12 | 10 | 2 | 1.000000000000000 |
| 12 | 10 | 3 | 0.666666666666667 |
| 12 | 10 | 4 | 0.500000000000000 |
| 12 | 10 | 5 | 0.400000000000000 |
| 14 | -10 | 1 | 24.000000000000000 |
| 14 | -10 | 2 | 12.000000000000000 |
| 14 | -10 | 3 | 8.000000000000000 |
| 14 | -10 | 4 | 6.000000000000000 |
| 14 | -10 | 5 | 4.800000000000000 |
| 14 | -5 | 1 | 19.000000000000000 |
| 14 | -5 | 2 | 9.500000000000000 |
| 14 | -5 | 3 | 6.333333333333333 |
| 14 | -5 | 4 | 4.750000000000000 |
| 14 | -5 | 5 | 3.800000000000000 |
| 14 | 0 | 1 | 14.000000000000000 |
| 14 | 0 | 2 | 7.000000000000000 |
| 14 | 0 | 3 | 4.666666666666667 |
| 14 | 0 | 4 | 3.500000000000000 |
| 14 | 0 | 5 | 2.800000000000000 |
| 14 | 5 | 1 | 9.000000000000000 |
| 14 | 5 | 2 | 4.500000000000000 |
| 14 | 5 | 3 | 3.000000000000000 |
| 14 | 5 | 4 | 2.250000000000000 |
| 14 | 5 | 5 | 1.800000000000000 |
| 14 | 10 | 1 | 4.000000000000000 |
| 14 | 10 | 2 | 2.000000000000000 |
| 14 | 10 | 3 | 1.333333333333333 |
| 14 | 10 | 4 | 1.000000000000000 |
| 14 | 10 | 5 | 0.800000000000000 |
| 16 | -10 | 1 | 26.000000000000000 |
| 16 | -10 | 2 | 13.000000000000000 |
| 16 | -10 | 3 | 8.666666666666666 |
| 16 | -10 | 4 | 6.500000000000000 |
| 16 | -10 | 5 | 5.200000000000000 |
| 16 | -5 | 1 | 21.000000000000000 |
| 16 | -5 | 2 | 10.500000000000000 |
| 16 | -5 | 3 | 7.000000000000000 |
| 16 | -5 | 4 | 5.250000000000000 |
| 16 | -5 | 5 | 4.200000000000000 |
| 16 | 0 | 1 | 16.000000000000000 |
| 16 | 0 | 2 | 8.000000000000000 |
| 16 | 0 | 3 | 5.333333333333333 |
| 16 | 0 | 4 | 4.000000000000000 |
| 16 | 0 | 5 | 3.200000000000000 |
| 16 | 5 | 1 | 11.000000000000000 |
| 16 | 5 | 2 | 5.500000000000000 |
| 16 | 5 | 3 | 3.666666666666667 |
| 16 | 5 | 4 | 2.750000000000000 |
| 16 | 5 | 5 | 2.200000000000000 |
| 16 | 10 | 1 | 6.000000000000000 |
| 16 | 10 | 2 | 3.000000000000000 |
| 16 | 10 | 3 | 2.000000000000000 |
| 16 | 10 | 4 | 1.500000000000000 |
| 16 | 10 | 5 | 1.200000000000000 |
| 18 | -10 | 1 | 28.000000000000000 |
| 18 | -10 | 2 | 14.000000000000000 |
| 18 | -10 | 3 | 9.333333333333334 |
| 18 | -10 | 4 | 7.000000000000000 |
| 18 | -10 | 5 | 5.600000000000000 |
| 18 | -5 | 1 | 23.000000000000000 |
| 18 | -5 | 2 | 11.500000000000000 |
| 18 | -5 | 3 | 7.666666666666667 |
| 18 | -5 | 4 | 5.750000000000000 |
| 18 | -5 | 5 | 4.600000000000000 |
| 18 | 0 | 1 | 18.000000000000000 |
| 18 | 0 | 2 | 9.000000000000000 |
| 18 | 0 | 3 | 6.000000000000000 |
| 18 | 0 | 4 | 4.500000000000000 |
| 18 | 0 | 5 | 3.600000000000000 |
| 18 | 5 | 1 | 13.000000000000000 |
| 18 | 5 | 2 | 6.500000000000000 |
| 18 | 5 | 3 | 4.333333333333333 |
| 18 | 5 | 4 | 3.250000000000000 |
| 18 | 5 | 5 | 2.600000000000000 |
| 18 | 10 | 1 | 8.000000000000000 |
| 18 | 10 | 2 | 4.000000000000000 |
| 18 | 10 | 3 | 2.666666666666667 |
| 18 | 10 | 4 | 2.000000000000000 |
| 18 | 10 | 5 | 1.600000000000000 |
| 20 | -10 | 1 | 30.000000000000000 |
| 20 | -10 | 2 | 15.000000000000000 |
| 20 | -10 | 3 | 10.000000000000000 |
| 20 | -10 | 4 | 7.500000000000000 |
| 20 | -10 | 5 | 6.000000000000000 |
| 20 | -5 | 1 | 25.000000000000000 |
| 20 | -5 | 2 | 12.500000000000000 |
| 20 | -5 | 3 | 8.333333333333334 |
| 20 | -5 | 4 | 6.250000000000000 |
| 20 | -5 | 5 | 5.000000000000000 |
| 20 | 0 | 1 | 20.000000000000000 |
| 20 | 0 | 2 | 10.000000000000000 |
| 20 | 0 | 3 | 6.666666666666667 |
| 20 | 0 | 4 | 5.000000000000000 |
| 20 | 0 | 5 | 4.000000000000000 |
| 20 | 5 | 1 | 15.000000000000000 |
| 20 | 5 | 2 | 7.500000000000000 |
| 20 | 5 | 3 | 5.000000000000000 |
| 20 | 5 | 4 | 3.750000000000000 |
| 20 | 5 | 5 | 3.000000000000000 |
| 20 | 10 | 1 | 10.000000000000000 |
| 20 | 10 | 2 | 5.000000000000000 |
| 20 | 10 | 3 | 3.333333333333333 |
| 20 | 10 | 4 | 2.500000000000000 |
| 20 | 10 | 5 | 2.000000000000000 |